There are four phases to the cycle of violence. Each phase indicates the behavior of the abuser and the consequences the act will have on the victim. The existence of such a cycle is more obvious when there is physical violence in the relationship, however the cycle exists regardless of the form of abuse (physical, psychological, economical, spiritual, religious and sexual). Finally, the length and intensity of each phase differs from one relationship to the next.
The cycle of violence constantly repeats itself with less time between each violent episode. Also, it is imperative to remember that the ultimate level of the cycle of violence is spousal homicide.
Therefore, it is imperative to break the silence, as it is the only way to stop the cycle of violence.
(1) ESCALATION OF TENSION
The escalation of tensions manifests itself in many small incidents spread over a long period of time. These incidents can range from simply wanting to change your partner’s behavior to glaring looks or criticisms.
The victim generally feels fear and anxiety. They may feel as though they are walking on eggshells around their partner to avoid the escalation of violence.
The victim generally feels responsible for the situation she finds herself in and hopes that the violence is just a phase.
(2) EXPLOSION OF VIOLENCE
During an episode of explosive violence, the violence is aggravated. This episode can last from a few minutes to several days. The victim feels vulnerable. She is in a state of shock and confusion.
(3) JUSTIFICATION
During this phase, the violent partner tries to justify his actions. The victim can internalize the justifications. The victim questions herself and wonders if she is partly responsible for her partner’s behavior.
(4) PERIOD OF CALM AND RECONCILIATION
During the honeymoon phase, the abusive partner may ask forgiveness and promise the victim that it won’t happen again. He may also promise that he will change his attitude, and that the violence is over, which the victim hopes is true. The violent partner will become kind and gentle.
The duration of this phase may vary, and in some relationships it may not even occur. However, at one point in the reconciliation phase, the violence will erupt, and the cycle of violence will begin once again.
